10 Historic Towns in Southwest France Brimming With Joie de Vivre

If you’re tired of hearing about Paris or the French Riviera every time France comes up, you’re reading the right article. Here, I will tell you about a part of the Land of Lights that doesn’t always make it onto your Instagram feed, and it’s hiding some of the most captivating corners in the southwest.

Sure, you’ve probably heard of Bordeaux’s wines or maybe even Lourdes with its legendary pilgrimage site. But the real gems are hidden in the historic towns where ancient architecture, cobblestone streets, and vibrant local markets invite you to slow down and soak in the authentic French experience.

Ready for something a little off the beaten path? Here’s your ticket to 10 historic towns in Southwest France that bring the charm, the history, and a serious dose of joie de vivre.

This captivating medieval town is located in the heart of the Dordogne region in France. Originating around a Benedictine abbey in the 9th century, Sarlat flourished during the Middle Ages. This allowed the town to become a significant center of commerce and culture. You’ll be enchanted by Sarlat’s narrow, cobblestone streets lined with impeccably restored stone buildings that’ll take you back to 14th-century France.

As for the Place de la Liberté, the town’s central square, it is surrounded by traditional 16th and 17th-century houses and hosts vibrant markets where local delicacies like foie gras and truffles are abundant.

Sarlat’s commitment to preserving its heritage has earned it a place on France’s Tentative List for future UNESCO World Heritage nomination. This makes the town a perfect place to visit for both history enthusiasts and cultural travelers.

2. Saint-Émilion

You can find this town in the Bordeaux wine region of France. Saint-Émilion is a UNESCO World Heritage site celebrated for its rich history and exceptional wines. Its origins date back to the 8th century when a Breton monk named Émilion settled in a hermitage carved into the limestone. He attracted followers and established a monastic community.

You can explore the remarkable Monolithic Church, Europe’s largest underground church, hewn entirely from limestone. The town’s medieval architecture is evident in its narrow, cobblestone streets and historic buildings, including the King’s Tower and the Collegiate Church.

Surrounded by rolling vineyards, Saint-Émilion is renowned for its prestigious wineries and wine cellars, where you can taste world-class wines.

Established as Divona Cadurcorum during the Roman era, Cahors was a significant center of commerce and culture. You can find this town in the Lot Valley of southwestern France, and visiting it offers a journey through time. The Pont Valentré, a 14th-century fortified bridge, stands as a testament to medieval engineering and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

You also have the Saint-Étienne Cathedral, which dates back to the 12th century. This iconic site showcases a blend of Romanesque and Gothic architecture through its impressive domes and intricate carvings.

Strolling through the old town reveals narrow streets lined with half-timbered houses and hidden courtyards. The Maison Henri IV, a 15th-century building, exemplifies the Renaissance influence in the region.

Cahors is also renowned for its Malbec wines, offering numerous vineyards and cellars where visitors can indulge in tastings. Its vibrant markets, particularly the Marché de Cahors, provide a sensory experience with local produce, cheeses, and truffles.

4. Rocamadour

Perched dramatically on a limestone cliff in southwestern France, Rocamadour is a medieval village renowned for its historical significance and breathtaking vistas. Established in the 12th century, it swiftly became a pivotal pilgrimage site. Devotees were flocking to its revered Sanctuary of the Black Madonna.

One of the most interesting things you’ll enjoy doing in Rocamadour is ascending the Grand Escalier, a staircase of 216 steps traditionally climbed by pilgrims on their knees, leading to the sacred complex of chapels and the Basilica of Saint-Sauveur, a UNESCO World Heritage site.

You’ll see stone houses, artisan shops, and quaint cafés lining the narrow and winding streets of the village. All of these cling to the cliffside, which provides you with a unique medieval ambiance.

In 1858, Bernadette Soubirous, a 14-year-old girl, reported 18 apparitions of the Virgin Mary at the Grotto of Massabielle. This was what made Lourdes one of the world’s most important pilgrimage sites.

Nestled in the foothills of the Pyrenees, this famous town in southwestern France provides you with the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Lourdes, which encompasses the revered grotto, the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, and also the Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary. The sanctuary attracts millions annually. It’s a place for prayer, reflection, and participation in the nightly candlelit processions.

Apart from the religious landmarks, Lourdes offers attractions like the Château Fort, a medieval fortress housing the Pyrenean Museum, and the Pic du Jer, accessible by funicular. The latter offers panoramic views of the town and surrounding mountains.

6. Auch

As the ancient capital of the Celtiberian tribe of Ausci, Auch evolved into a significant center during Roman Gaul, known then as Elimberris. When you visit Auch, you’ll be embarking on a journey through time. The town is located in the heart of Gascony, and one of its most notable historic sites includes the Sainte-Marie Cathedral, a masterpiece of Gothic and Renaissance architecture found in the town center. Its intricate stained-glass windows and meticulously carved choir stalls are particularly noteworthy.

Adjacent to the cathedral, the Monumental Staircase descends to the lower town. It features a statue of D’Artagnan, the famed Musketeer born in the region. Wandering through Auch’s narrow streets will allow you to witness half-timbered houses and hidden courtyards that showcase the medieval heritage of the town.

The rich history of this unique French area is further showcased in the Musée des Amériques – Auch, which houses France’s second-largest collection of pre-Columbian art outside Paris. Auch’s lively markets, offering local specialties like foie gras and Armagnac, provide a taste of Gascon gastronomy.

Brossac’s history dates back to ancient times, with evidence of human presence from the Neolithic era, including dolmens and megaliths. Nestled in the Charente department of southwestern France, this picturesque village provides you with a tranquil retreat as you’ll be surrounded by rolling hills and lush landscapes.

A notable historical site near Brossac is the Villa Gallo-Romaine de la Coue d’Auzenat, a must-visit ancient Roman villa. The village itself is characterized by traditional stone houses, narrow lanes, and a serene atmosphere that reflects its rich heritage.

For visitors, Brossac offers a range of activities. The Étang Vallier Resort features a leisure lake ideal for swimming, paddleboarding, and lakeside relaxation. The surrounding countryside is perfect for hiking, cycling, and exploring the natural beauty of the region.

As for the local markets and eateries, they provide a taste of Charente’s culinary delights, including regional wines and cheeses. If you’re looking for an authentic French countryside experience, then, for sure, Brossac is a great destination combining historical significance with natural beauty and recreational opportunities.

8. Jonzac

Also located in the Charente-Maritime department of southwestern France, this town’s origins trace back to the medieval period, with the Château de Jonzac standing as a testament to its rich past. This 15th-century castle, perched on a rocky promontory overlooking the Seugne River, has withstood numerous historical events, including the Hundred Years’ War.

You’ll get the chance to explore the castle’s impressive architecture and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding area. The town center features narrow streets lined with traditional stone houses leading to the Église Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais, a Romanesque church dating back to the 12th century.

Jonzac is also renowned for its thermal springs, making it a popular destination for wellness tourism. The Les Antilles de Jonzac is a tropical-themed aquatic center that offers a variety of relaxation and recreational facilities, including pools, spas, and fitness areas.

The town hosts vibrant markets where visitors can sample local specialties such as cognac and regional cheeses.

The Charente department is actually home to plenty of interesting historic towns and villages that I personally had the unique chance of visiting. Aubeterre is one such destination, celebrated as one of the “Plus Beaux Villages de France“ (Most Beautiful Villages of France). The village’s history dates back to Roman times, with its name derived from “Alba Terra,“ meaning “white land,“ referencing the local limestone cliffs.

Aubeterre is renowned for its Église Saint-Jean, a monolithic church carved directly into the cliffside during the 12th century. This subterranean church features a 20-meter-high nave and is among the largest of its kind in Europe.

The streets are lined with white stone houses adorned with wooden balconies and vibrant flowers. The central square, Place Ludovic Trarieux, is a lively hub with cafés and artisan shops, which will allow you to learn about the local culture.

I recommend that you explore the Église Saint-Jacques, notable for its intricate Romanesque façade, and enjoy recreational activities along the Dronne River, such as canoeing and swimming.

10. Guizengeard

This tranquil commune, again in France’s Charente department, is renowned for its striking Lac Bleu de Guizengeard. This artificial lake, formed in a former kaolin (white clay) quarry, is celebrated for its vibrant turquoise waters, a result of the mineral composition and absence of aquatic life.

The village itself offers a peaceful retreat characterized by its rural charm and proximity to natural landscapes. Visitors can explore the surrounding forests. This will allow them to enjoy hiking trails while marveling at the scenic views of the lake and its unique geological features.

While Guizengeard may not have a bustling town center, its allure lies in the serene environment and the captivating beauty of the Lac Bleu, making it a noteworthy destination for nature enthusiasts and those seeking tranquility.